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(Photo: iStockphoto) Norwegian researchers disagree on how dyslexia be explained: it's only about issues related to how the brain processes sounds in the language, or play other processes in the brain also plays a role?
- There is reason to consider the existence of different subtypes of dyslexia. My findings suggest that dyslexia is not a unique failure, but happily a multi failure explaining that you have these difficulties, he said.
In addition, brain scans that the Beneventi performed, showing a difference in the brain activity. - It does not have to mean that it is working memory linfoma de hodgkin impairments that lead to reading difficulties, says Melby-Lervåg. Along with Charles Hulme at the University of York, she has just published linfoma de hodgkin a study that investigates the reason why dyslexics have problems on memory tasks. - We had hypothesized that the reason that dyslexics struggle of the working memory tasks is that these tasks are also language-related, and that they require the processing of phonological information - which is kjernevansken in dyslexics, she explains.
Monica Melby-Lervåg (Photo: University of Oslo) In an experiment with 160 children she has tested linfoma de hodgkin this hypothesis linfoma de hodgkin by seeing if the training of phonological awareness improves performance on memory tasks.
- The results of the experiment were very clear, she says. - When trained phonological awareness, led to an improvement in performance on memory tasks, and on phonological awareness and reading / spelling. This applied both when compared with untreated and treated control group. - This provides very strong support linfoma de hodgkin that it is the phonological skills like memory tasks require that enables children with dyslexia struggle on these tasks. - It also supports the core problem by reading linfoma de hodgkin difficulties are phonological difficulties linfoma de hodgkin and no memory problems.
- But I'm struggling a bit with this concept of phonological awareness. Some of the definitions I've seen says that it is the ability to consciously listen and manipulate speech sounds while keeping them in short-term memory while solving puzzles.
Melby-Lervåg believe that from a practical pedagogical perspective is very important to uncover the causes of dyslexia, so that we can provide the best possible linfoma de hodgkin measures for children who struggle linfoma de hodgkin with such difficulties. - A lot of working linfoma de hodgkin memory training programs that have been launched are very costly, both financially and time-wise.
- Before such programs recommended to the practice field should be assured that working memory difficulties are a cause of reading difficulties, linfoma de hodgkin and that training working memory is transferred and improves reading skills, she says. - Based on the above studies, however, this is unlikely. The best effect is to train the kids struggle, that phonological skills and the relationship between sound and letter, linfoma de hodgkin says Melby-Lervåg.
- Since dyslexics tend to have several other problems and this seems to be quite complex, I believe that children will profit from a broad study of one realizes they struggle to read and write, he said.
Monica Melby-Lervåg and Charles Hulme, Serial and Free Recall in Children Can Be Improved by Training. Evidence for the Importance of Phonological and Semantic Representations in Immediate Memory Tasks, Psychological Sci ence; 4 October 2010, doi: 10.1177/0956797610385355.
Harald Beneventi, Finn Egil Tønnessen, Lars Ersland and Kenneth Hugdahl, Executive working memory Processes in dyslexia: behavioral and fMRI evidence, Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Volume 51, Issue 3, ss. 192-202, June 2010.
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